Cómo citar
Resumen
La esofagitis eosinofílica se caracteriza por la infiltración de eosinófilos en el esófago y es una causa potencial de disfagia e impactación alimentaria que en general afecta a niños y adultos jóvenes predominantemente de raza blanca. Representa una reacción local frente a alérgenos a los que el paciente muestra sensibilización previa, adquirida por vía digestiva, inhalatoria o incluso epicutánea. Los síntomas principales de la esofagitis eosinofílica son disfagia e impactaciones de alimento en el esófago por alteraciones endoscópicas y trastornos motores. Se diagnostica con una biopsia esofágica con más de 15 eosinófilos por campo de mayor aumento, y la exclusión de enfermedad de reflujo gastroesofágico. Los tratamientos actuales incluyen medidas dietéticas basadas en la eliminación de la exposición de alérgenos alimentarios y uso de corticoesteroides tópicos.
Palabras clave
Citas
Feldman M, Friedman L, Brandt L. Sleissenger y Fordtran Enfermedades Digestivas y Hepáticas. 10th ed. España: Elsevier; 2017.
Furuta GT, Katzka DA. Eosinophilic Esophagitis. Ingelfinger JR. New England Journal of Medicine. 2015 Oct 22;373(17):1640-1648. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmra1502863
Shoda T, Wen T, Aceves SS, Abonia JP, Atkins D, Bonis PA, Caldwell JM, Capocelli KE, Carpenter CL, Collins MH, Dellon ES, Eby MD, Gonsalves N, Gupta SK, Falk GW, Hirano I, Menard-Katcher P, Kuhl JT, Krischer JP, Leung J, Mukkada VA, Spergel JM, Trimarchi MP, Yang G, Zimmermann N, Furuta GT, Rothenberg ME. Eosinophilic oesophagitis endotype classification by molecular, clinical, and histopathological analyses: a cross-sectional study. The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology. 2018 07;3(7):477-488. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-1253(18)30096-7
Navarro P, Arias Á, Arias-González L, Laserna-Mendieta EJ, Ruiz-Ponce M, Lucendo AJ. Systematic review with meta-analysis: the growing incidence and prevalence of eosinophilic oesophagitis in children and adults in population-based studies. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics. 2019 03 18;49(9):1116-1125. https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15231
Dellon ES, Jensen ET, Martin CF, Shaheen NJ, Kappelman MD. Prevalence of Eosinophilic Esophagitis in the United States. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 2014 04;12(4):589-596.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2013.09.008
Cianferoni A, Spergel J. Eosinophilic Esophagitis: A Comprehensive Review. Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology. 2015 07 22;50(2):159-174. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12016-015-8501-z
Attwood SE. Overview of eosinophilic oesophagitis. British Journal of Hospital Medicine. 2019 03 02;80(3):132-138. https://doi.org/10.12968/hmed.2019.80.3.132
Koutlas NT, Eluri S, Rusin S, Perjar I, Hollyfield J, Woosley JT, Shaheen NJ, Dellon ES. Impact of smoking, alcohol consumption, and NSAID use on risk for and phenotypes of eosinophilic esophagitis. Diseases of the Esophagus. 2017 09 27;31(1). https://doi.org/10.1093/dote/dox111
Ruffner M, Spergel J. Eosinophilic Esophagitis in Children. Current Allergy and Asthma Reports. 2017;17(8). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11882-017-0721-2
Ram G, Lee J, Ott M, Brown-Whitehorn T, Cianferoni A, Shuker M et al. Seasonal exacerbation of esophageal eosinophilia in children with eosinophilic esophagitis and allergic rhinitis. Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. 2015;115(3):224-228.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anai.2015.07.004
Lucendo A, Arias Á, Molina-Infante J, Arias-González L. The role of endoscopy in eosinophilic esophagitis: from diagnosis to therapy. Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology. 2017;11(12):1135-1149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17474124.2017.1367664
Roman S, Savarino E, Savarino V, Mion F. Eosinophilic oesophagitis: From physiopathology to treatment. Digestive and Liver Disease. 2013;45(11):871-878. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1590-8658(09)60521-1
Vinit C, Dieme A, Courbage S, Dehaine C, Dufeu C, Jacquemot S et al. Eosinophilic esophagitis: Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management. Archives de Pédiatrie. 2019;26(3):182-190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcped.2019.02.005
Ahn B, Lee D, Lee C, Hwang J, Yoon H, Shin C et al. Proton Pump Inhibitor-responsive Esophageal Eosinophilia: An Overview of Cases from One University Hospital Center. The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology. 2016;67(4):178. https://doi.org/10.4166/kjg.2016.67.4.178
Lipka S, Kumar A, Richter JE. Impact of Diagnostic Delay and Other Risk Factors on Eosinophilic Esophagitis Phenotype and Esophageal Diameter. Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology. 2016 02;50(2):134-140. https://doi.org/10.1097/mcg.0000000000000297
Ettyreddy A, Sink J, Georg M, Kitsko D, Simons J. Association between Eosinophilic Esophagitis and Esophageal Food Impaction in the Pediatric Population. Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery. 2018;159(4):750-754. https://doi.org/10.1177/0194599818779049
Runge TM, Eluri S, Cotton CC, Burk CM, Woosley JT, Shaheen NJ, Dellon ES. Causes and Outcomes of Esophageal Perforation in Eosinophilic Esophagitis. Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology. 2016 09;:1. https://doi.org/10.1097/mcg.0000000000000718