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Abstract
The Leser-Trélat sign refers to the appearance of eruptive seborrheic keratoses associated with the diagnosis of an internal malignancy. Gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas, breast cancer, and lymphoproliferative disorders or lymphomas are the most implicated neoplasms.
It occurs more frequently in patients older than 60 years, its appearance in a young population suggestive of more aggressive cancers. The etiopathogenesis is unknown. The currently accepted theory proposes that the underlying neoplasm releases cytokines and growth factors that induce epithelial-epidermal hyperplasia.
Clinically it manifests as well-defined pigmented macules, papules or plaques, of variable color (usually brown or black), pruritic, whose predominant location is the trunk, creating a pattern similar to a “Christmas tree”. Any patient in whom the Leser-Trélat sign is suspected should be thoroughly evaluated by taking a complete medical history, laboratory tests, and imaging studies aimed at detecting internal neoplasms. The treatment consists of the diagnosis and management of the associated cancer, which promotes the disappearance of half of the seborrheic keratoses.
A review of the Leser-Trélat sign is presented to recognize its clinical characteristics and highlight the need to rule out the presence of malignant neoplasms in those patients who manifest eruptive seborrheic keratoses, allowing timely diagnoses.
Keywords
References
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