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La miastenia gravis es una enfermedad autoinmue que afecta la únion neuromuscular, mediante el bloqueo funcional de la misma, al producirse anticuerpos contra receptores nicotínicos. Se presenta con síntomas de fatiga de diferentes grupos musculares, que puede llegar a afectar el habla, la deglución y la respiración. Esta patología se trata con medicamentos anticolinesterásicos, coticosteroides y/o timectomía. Los pacientes con miastenia gravis presentan mayor riesgo de complicaciones perioperatorias que la población general. Debido a esto se deben tener especiales cuidados en el perioperatorio. El fallo respiratorio es una complicación potencialmente mortal, por lo que se deben minimizar los riesgos de debilidad de los múaculos respiratorios.
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