How to Cite
1.
Espinoza Artavia A, Fernández Vaglio R, Solar del Valle T. Update in gestational trophoblastic pathology: hydatidiform mole and neoplasias. Rev.méd.sinerg. [Internet]. 2019May1 [cited 2024Nov.22];4(5):44 - 59. Available from: https://revistamedicasinergia.com/index.php/rms/article/view/193
Abstract
Gestational trophoblastic disease is composed of a range of rare pathologies associated with pregnancy, ranging from benign to malignant. It is important to make an opportune diagnosis through the use of ultrasound; supported with laboratory and imaging studies, histological and molecular studies. In general terms, the treatment of pre-malignant molar disease will consist of uterine evacuation. The use of chemotherapeutic and surgical interventions, together with the use of radiotherapy, could have an important role in the treatment of this entities as well as for the neoplastic trophoblastic diseases. The hormone human chorionic gonadotropin is a crucial biomarker to measure the progression, response to treatment and follow-up of these diseases. Thanks to the implementation of improvements in diagnosis and treatment, the clinical presentation and morbidity of the diseases has changed as the years go by.
Keywords
hydatidiform mole. gestational trophoblastic disease. trophoblastic neoplasms. choriocarcinoma. trophoblastic tumor. placental site.
References
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15. Goldstein D, Berkowitz R, Horowitz N. Diagnosis and Management of Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia. International Manual of Oncology Practice. 1era ed. Ramon Andrade de Mello, Álvaro Tavares, Giannis Mountzios., editores; 2015. p. 501-513.
16. Froeling F, Seckl M. Gestational Trophoblastic Tumours: An Update for 2014. Current Oncology Reports. 2014;16(11).
17. Berkowitz R, Goldstein D, Horowitz N. Management Options of Gestational Trophoblastic Disease. Current Obstetrics and Gynecology Reports. 2014;3(1):76-83.
18. Biscaro A, Braga A, Berkowitz R. Diagnosis, classification and treatment of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2015;37(1):42-51.
19. Gueye M, Ndiaye-Gueye M, Kane-Gueye S, Gassama O, Diallo M, Moreau J. Diagnosis, Treatment and Outcomes of Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia in a Low Resource Income Country. Int J MCH AIDS [Internet]. 2016 [citado 2019 marzo 04]; 5(2):112-118. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5187643/
20. Santaballa A, García Y, Herrero A, Laínez N, Fuentes J, De Juan A et al. SEOM clinical guidelines in gestational trophoblastic disease (2017). Clinical and Translational Oncology. 2017;20(1):38-46.
21. Garcia-Sayre J, Castaneda A, Roman L, Matsuo K. Diagnosis and Management of Gestational Trophoblastic Disease. Handbook of Gynecology. 2017;:1-15.
22. Lawrie T, Alazzam M, Tidy J, Hancock B, Osborne R. First-line chemotherapy in low-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (Review). Cochrane Database of systematic reviews. 2016;6.
23. Couder F, Massardier J, You B, Abbas F, Hajri T, Lotz J et al. Predictive factors of relapse in low-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia patients successfully treated with methotrexate alone. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2016;215(1):80.e1-80.e7.
24. Patni R. Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia: The Role of Surgery Cannot be Undermined!. Indian Journal of Gynecologic Oncology. 2017;15(4).
25. Eagles N, Sebire NJ, Short D, Savage PM, Seckl MJ, Fisher RA. Risk of recurrent molar pregnancies following complete and partial hydatidiform moles. Hum. Reprod [Internet]. 2015 [citado 2019 marzo 04]; 30(9): 2055–2063. Disponible en: https://academic.oup.com/humrep/article/30/9/2055/622581
2. Tse K, Chan K, Tam K, Ngan H. Current management of gestational trophoblastic disease. Obstet Gynaecol Reprod Med [Internet]. 2015 Enero [citado 2019 Marzo 04]; 25(1):12-21. Disponible en: https://www-sciencedirect-com.ezproxy.sibdi.ucr.ac.cr/science/article/pii/S1751721414002012
3. Ngan H, Seckl M, Berkowitz R, Xiang Y, Golfier F, Sekharan P et al. Update on the diagnosis and management of gestational trophoblastic disease. Int J Gynaecol Obstet [Internet]. 2018 Octubre [citado 2019 Marzo 04]; 143(Suppl 2): 79-85. Disponible en: https://obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ijgo.12615
4. Barber E, Soper J. Gestational Trophoblastic Disease. En: DiSaia P, Creasman W, Mannel R, McMeekin D, Mutch D, editores. Clinical Gynecologic Oncology [Internet]. 9na ed. Philadelphia:Elsevier; 2018 [citado 2019 Marzo 04]. p.163-189.e5. Disponible en: https://www-sciencedirect-com.ezproxy.sibdi.ucr.ac.cr/science/article/pii/B9780323400671000073#!
5. Brown J, Naumann R, Seckl M, Schink J. 15years of progress in gestational trophoblastic disease: Scoring, standardization, and salvage. Gynecol Oncol [Internet]. 2017 [citado 2019 Marzo 04]; 144(1):200-207. Disponible en: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0090825816313567
6. Salani R, Copeland L. Malignant Diseases and Pregnancy. En:Gabbe S, Niebyl J, Simpson J, Landon M, Galan H, Jauniaux E et al., editores. Obtetrics Normal and Problem Pregnancies. 7ma ed. Philadelphia:Elsevier; 2017. p.1070-1073.
7. Parker V, Tidy J. Current management of gestational trophoblastic disease. Obstet Gynaecol Reprod Med [Internet]. 2017 [citado 2019 Marzo 04]; 27(11):338-345. Disponible en: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1751721417301690
8. Melamed A, Gockley A, Joseph N, Sun S, Clapp M, Goldstein D et al. Effect of race/ethnicity on risk of complete and partial molar pregnancy after adjustment for age. Gynecol Oncol [Internet]. 2016 [citado 2019 Marzo 04]; 143(1):73-76. Disponible en: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S009082581630988X
9. Shaaban A, Rezvani M, Haroun R, Kennedy A, Elsayes K, Olpin J et al. Gestational Trophoblastic Disease: Clinical and Imaging Features. Radiographics [Internet]. 2017 [citado 2019 marzo 04]; 37(2): 681-700. Disponible en: https://pubs.rsna.org/doi/10.1148/rg.2017160140?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori%3Arid%3Acrossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%3Dpubmed&
10. Johns J, Greenwold N, Buckley S, Jauniaux E. A prospective study of ultrasound screening for molar pregnancies in missed miscarriages. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2005;25(5):493-497.
11. Mangili G, Lorusso D, Brown J, Pfisterer J, Massuger L, Vaughan M et al. Trophoblastic Disease Review for Diagnosis and Management: A Joint Report From the International Society for the Study of Trophoblastic Disease, European Organisation for the Treatment of Trophoblastic Disease, and the Gynecologic Cancer InterGroup. Int J Gynecol Cancer [Internet]. 2014 [citado 2019 marzo 04]; 24(9 Suppl 3):S109-S116. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25341573 .
12. Khanna P. Enfermedad Trofoblástica Gestacional. Revista Médica De Costa Rica Y Centroamérica [Internet]. 2016 [citado 2019 Marzo 04]; 83(618):173-178. Disponible en: http://revistamedicacr.com/index.php/rmcr/article/view/192/177.
13. Kaur B, Sebire N. Gestational trophoblastic tumours and non-neoplastic trophoblastic lesions: morphology and immunocytochemistry to refine the diagnosis. Diagn Histopathol [Internet]. 2019 [citado 2019 Marzo 04]; 25(2):53-65. Disponible en: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1756231718302020
14. Kaur B, Short D, Fisher RA, Savage PM, Seckl MJ, Sebire NJ. Atypical placental site nodule (APSN) and association with malignant gestational trophoblastic disease; a clinicopathologic study of 21 cases. Int J Gynecol Pathol [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2019 Marzo 04]; 34(2):152–158. Disponible en: https://insights.ovid.com/pubmed?pmid=25675185
15. Goldstein D, Berkowitz R, Horowitz N. Diagnosis and Management of Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia. International Manual of Oncology Practice. 1era ed. Ramon Andrade de Mello, Álvaro Tavares, Giannis Mountzios., editores; 2015. p. 501-513.
16. Froeling F, Seckl M. Gestational Trophoblastic Tumours: An Update for 2014. Current Oncology Reports. 2014;16(11).
17. Berkowitz R, Goldstein D, Horowitz N. Management Options of Gestational Trophoblastic Disease. Current Obstetrics and Gynecology Reports. 2014;3(1):76-83.
18. Biscaro A, Braga A, Berkowitz R. Diagnosis, classification and treatment of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2015;37(1):42-51.
19. Gueye M, Ndiaye-Gueye M, Kane-Gueye S, Gassama O, Diallo M, Moreau J. Diagnosis, Treatment and Outcomes of Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia in a Low Resource Income Country. Int J MCH AIDS [Internet]. 2016 [citado 2019 marzo 04]; 5(2):112-118. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5187643/
20. Santaballa A, García Y, Herrero A, Laínez N, Fuentes J, De Juan A et al. SEOM clinical guidelines in gestational trophoblastic disease (2017). Clinical and Translational Oncology. 2017;20(1):38-46.
21. Garcia-Sayre J, Castaneda A, Roman L, Matsuo K. Diagnosis and Management of Gestational Trophoblastic Disease. Handbook of Gynecology. 2017;:1-15.
22. Lawrie T, Alazzam M, Tidy J, Hancock B, Osborne R. First-line chemotherapy in low-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (Review). Cochrane Database of systematic reviews. 2016;6.
23. Couder F, Massardier J, You B, Abbas F, Hajri T, Lotz J et al. Predictive factors of relapse in low-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia patients successfully treated with methotrexate alone. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2016;215(1):80.e1-80.e7.
24. Patni R. Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia: The Role of Surgery Cannot be Undermined!. Indian Journal of Gynecologic Oncology. 2017;15(4).
25. Eagles N, Sebire NJ, Short D, Savage PM, Seckl MJ, Fisher RA. Risk of recurrent molar pregnancies following complete and partial hydatidiform moles. Hum. Reprod [Internet]. 2015 [citado 2019 marzo 04]; 30(9): 2055–2063. Disponible en: https://academic.oup.com/humrep/article/30/9/2055/622581
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