Esophageal achalasia

Abstract

A primary motor disorder of unknown etiology with loss of esophageal peristalsis and failure to relax the lower esophageal sphincter in swallowing. Giving functional blockage and food retention. It is the most common functional disorder and most often requires surgical treatment. The clinic is gradual and insidious, the most common is progressive dysphagia, associated with nocturnal cough, weight loss and weakness or retrosternal burning pain.

The first study to perform is esophagogram with barium, but the choice continues to be esophageal manometry. While endoscopy is reserved to rule out other pathologies or suspected complications. Treatment seeks to improve symptoms and prevent complications.

Through pharmacological proposals, endoscopic or surgical interventions, of which Heller's myotomy remains the benchmark.