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Abstract
Pregnancy anxiety disorder is the fear related to pregnancy, childbirth and motherhood that pregnant women may experience. It affects from 15 to 23% of pregnant women. It is related to risk factors such as women's history of depression or anxiety, high-risk pregnancies, exposure to stressful events, and socioeconomic aspects. The diagnosis relies on clinical evaluation, using specific scales that have to be administered periodically. The primary treatment involves non-pharmacological measures like cognitive-behavioral therapy, strengthening support networks, and healthy lifestyles. As a secondary treatment, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) may be used, but always considering the risk and benefit that may exist for the mother and the fetus. Health professionals must be trained in early recognition, prevention, and treatment of these disorders to mitigate potential health complications for both the mother and the baby. This literature review evaluates the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of anxiety disorders during pregnancy, focusing particularly on diagnostic tools and non-pharmacological treatment options for patients.
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