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Abstract
Retinoblastoma is the most common malignant intraocular tumor globally, derived from neuroectodermal tissue, occurring between birth and six years of age. It originates in the neural retina and can be unilateral (60%) or bilateral (40%). It is associated with hereditary genetic factors such as the mutation of both alleles in the RB1 gene. Its distinctive sign is leukocoria, followed by strabismus and in advanced cases proptosis. Its diagnosis is made by eye fundus but studies such as ocular ultrasound, tomography or magnetic resonance help to evaluate its extension. The treatment is based on staging, thus assessing its laterality, location, size and extension, among the main methods are chemotherapy, local therapies, radiotherapy and enucleation.
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References
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