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Abstract
Bipolar affective disorder is a chronic, recurrent mood disorder that presents with symptoms ranging from mania, hypomania, and depression, or a combination of both. Its prevalence is estimated to range from 0.5 to 1.6 percent among patients with bipolar disorder 1 and 2 with an average age range between 20-30 years, affecting both men and women in the same proportion.The etiology is complex and encompasses many factors, within these changes included in the central nervous system, the role of inflammation and cytosines. Certain factors such as genetics, psychosocial factors, and neurobiology greatly influence the genesis of the disorder.Within the clinical presentation, the clinical forms mentioned in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders in their fifth edition are mentioned, as well as the diagnostic criteria mentioned in said manual.The treatment of these patients is with the use of medications which are going to depend on the clinical presentation of the patient, in addition to the complementation with the different types of psychological treatment, thus individualizing the treatment of each patient. Always consider the possible adverse effects of each medication and the medical illnesses that each patient may present.
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References
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