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Abstract
Vitamin B12 is known as cobalamin, a more complex B vitamin, it is not produced by humans, and is obtained after ingesting animal products such as fish, meat and dairy products. It is a fundamental micronutrient for cell growth and the development of the central nervous system. It is crucial for myelination of the spinal cord and brain, and is essential for the production of red blood cells. Deficiency is caused by inadequate intake, malabsorption, chemical inactivation, or alteration in intracellular transport or metabolism. Its deficiency can manifest clinically as hematological and neurological alterations. Thus, its spectrum of associated diseases is broad, ranging from the presence of neurological symptoms accompanied by paresthesias, myelopathy or neuropathy to the presence of symptoms attributable to anemia. Once the cause of the deficiency has been identified, the appropriate treatment can be addressed, avoiding irreversible consequences.
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References
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