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Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a public health issue. It ranks as the third most commonly diagnosed cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Thus, prevention and early detection remain key strategies for reducing its incidence and mortality. In this regard, aspirin, or acetylsalicylic acid, has been studied as a chemopreventive agent, with its use being controversial. Actions both dependent and independent of COX-2 have been proposed, as well as direct effects on CRC cells and indirect effects on the tumor microenvironment. The evidence linking aspirin use to a lower incidence of CRC is substantial and has led to the recommendation of low-dose aspirin for reducing CRC incidence and mortality in a select group of patients. Furthermore, its use should not replace screening or other preventive measures. This review aims to synthesize the available literature regarding the antitumor mechanisms of aspirin and relevant clinical aspects such as age of initiation, duration, recommended dosage, and safety.
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References
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