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Abstract
Esophageal Atresia is one of the most common congenital anomalies in the pediatric population. It is usually presented with a tracheoesophageal fistula and it is divided into five categories according to the presence or absence of this fistula. The most common type is the esophageal atresia with a distal tracheoesophageal fistula. A prenatal diagnosis might be done according to the obstetric history and the obstetric ultrasound’s findings; and it might be also done postnatally, according to the patient’s symptoms who will present intolerance to feeding and an excessive production of oral secretions. The diagnosis is confirmed by a chest X-ray documenting the inability to pass a nasogastric tube down the esophagus. Its management is surgical. Despite having a good prognosis, its main complications are post-surgical. In this bibliographic review, the epidemiology, classification and diagnosis of esophageal atresia are evaluated with and special emphasis on new surgical techniques and their potential short and long-term complications.
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References
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