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Los accidentes ofídicos corresponden a una importante causa de morbilidad y mortalidad a nivel mundial, se presentan aproximadamente 2.7 millones de eventos anuales. Se conoce gran variedad de serpientes venenosas agrupándose en dos principales familias, Elapidae (serpiente marina y Coral) y Viperidae (tobobas o Viperidos), ambos presentes en América Central, siendo de estos mas frecuentes las mordeduras por Vipéridos. Conocer el tipo de veneno administrado por estos animales es de gran importancia para determinar el manejo y tratamiento a seguir con cada paciente, así como el suero antiofídico a utilizar según corresponda.
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