Cómo citar
1.
Bejarano FC, Cortés Morales EI, Duarte Núñez D, Quesada Campos JV. Retinopatía del prematuro. Rev.méd.sinerg. [Internet]. 1 de marzo de 2019 [citado 21 de noviembre de 2024];4(3):38 - 49. Disponible en: https://revistamedicasinergia.com/index.php/rms/article/view/183
Resumen
La retinopatía del prematuro sigue siendo la principal causa de ceguera infantil que afecta principalmente a los bebés prematuros y de bajo peso al nacer. La prevención del parto prematuro es la estrategia más efectiva para reducir la incidencia de retinopatía del prematuro. La identificación y el tratamiento oportunos son esenciales para prevenir la pérdida innecesaria de la visión causada por retinopatía del prematuro. Se ha asociado con múltiples factores de riesgo entre los principales el bajo peso al nacer, edad gestacional y utilización de oxígeno suplementario, entre otros. Su cuadro clínico se caracteriza por una membrana retrolental que origina leucocoria y eventualmente sin tratamiento con complicaciones potenciales como glaucoma, catarata, miopía y ceguera, siendo esta última la más grave. El estándar de tratamiento actual sigue siendo la terapia ablativa a través de la fotocoagulación con láser de la retina isquémica avascular periférica y actualmente se están realizando estudios con anti VEGF los cuales han demostrado beneficios significativos, sin embargo aún no han sido aprobado por la FDA para su utilización clínica.
Palabras clave
retinopatía del prematuro. recién nacido prematuro. recién nacido de bajo peso. ceguera. agudeza visual.
Citas
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2. Messa AA, Mattos RB, Areco KCN, Sallum JMF. Vision-related quality of life in children with retinopathy of prematurity. Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia. 2015;78(4):224-228. https://doi.org/10.5935/0004-2749.20150058
3. Kliegman R, Stanton B, Geme J, Schor N. Nelson. Tratado de pediatría. 20ed.. Elsevier; 2016 06. Disponible en: https://tienda.elsevierhealth.com/nelson-tratado-de-pediatria-9788491130178.html
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5. Asano MK, Dray PB. Retinopathy of prematurity. Disease-a-Month. 2014 06;60(6):282-291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.disamonth.2014.03.009
6. Hellström A, Smith LE, Dammann O. Retinopathy of prematurity. The Lancet. 2013 Oct;382(9902):1445-1457. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(13)60178-6
7. Arnesen L, Durán P, Silva J, Brumana L. A multi-country, cross-sectional observational study of retinopathy of prematurity in Latin America and the Caribbean. Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2016;39(6):322–29. Disponible en: http://iris.paho.org/xmlui/handle/123456789/28539
8. Gunn DJ, Cartwright DW, Gole GA. Prevalence and outcomes of laser treatment of aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity. Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology. 2014 01 23;42(5):459-465. https://doi.org/10.1111/ceo.12280
9. Hartnett ME. Advances in understanding and management of retinopathy of prematurity. Survey of Ophthalmology. 2017 05;62(3):257-276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.survophthal.2016.12.004
10. Smith LE. Pathogenesis of retinopathy of prematurity. Seminars in Neonatology. 2003 Dec;8(6):469-473. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1084-2756(03)00119-2
11. Cayabyab R, Ramanathan R. Retinopathy of Prematurity: Therapeutic Strategies Based on Pathophysiology. Neonatology. 2016 06 03;109(4):369-376. https://doi.org/10.1159/000444901
12. Gilbert C. Retinopathy of prematurity: A global perspective of the epidemics, population of babies at risk and implications for control. Early Human Development. 2008 02;84(2):77-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2007.11.009
13. Jordan CO. Retinopathy of Prematurity. Pediatric Clinics of North America. 2014 06;61(3):567-577. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcl.2014.03.003
14. Good W, Hardy R, Dobson V, Palmer E, Phelps D, Quintos M, Tung B. The Incidence and Course of Retinopathy of Prematurity: Findings From the Early Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity Study. PEDIATRICS. 2005 07 01;116(1):15-23. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2004-1413
15. Quimson SK. Retinopathy of Prematurity: Pathogenesis and Current Treatment Options. Neonatal Network. 2015;34(5):284-287. https://doi.org/10.1891/0730-0832.34.5.284
16. Isaza G, Donaldson L, Chaudhary V. Increased incidence of retinopathy of prematurity and evolving treatment modalities at a Canadian tertiary centre. Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology. 2018 07;. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjo.2018.05.005
17. Hartnett ME, Lane RH. Effects of oxygen on the development and severity of retinopathy of prematurity. Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. 2013 06;17(3):229-234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaapos.2012.12.155
18. Saugstad OD. Oxygen and retinopathy of prematurity. Journal of Perinatology. 2006 04 25;26(S1):S46-S50. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.jp.7211475
19. Ortega-Molina JM, Anaya-Alaminos R, Uberos-Fernández J, Solans-Pérez de Larraya A, Chaves-Samaniego MJ, Salgado-Miranda A, Piñar-Molina R, Jerez-Calero A, García-Serrano JL. Genetic and Environmental Influences on Retinopathy of Prematurity. Mediators of Inflammation. 2015;2015:1-7. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/764159
20. Dai AI, Demiryürek S, Aksoy SN, Perk P, Saygili O, Güngör K. Maternal Iron Deficiency Anemia as a Risk Factor for the Development of Retinopathy of Prematurity. Pediatric Neurology. 2015 08;53(2):146-150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2015.04.002
21. Zhou J, Shukla VV, John D, Chen C. Human Milk Feeding as a Protective Factor for Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Meta-analysis. PEDIATRICS. 2015 Nov 16;136(6):e1576-e1586. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2015-2372
22. Chawla D, Agarwal R, Deorari A, Paul VK, Chandra P, Azad RV. Retinopathy of Prematurity. The Indian Journal of Pediatrics. 2010 Oct 27;79(4):501-509. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-010-0279-7
23. Stahl A, Göpel W. Screening and Treatment in Retinopathy of Prematurity. Deutsches Aerzteblatt Online. 2015 Oct 23;. https://doi.org/10.3238/arztebl.2015.0730
24. Good WV, Early Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity Cooperative Group. Final results of the Early Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity (ETROP) randomized trial. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc. 2004;102:233-48; discussion 248-50. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1280104/
25. Casteels I, Cassiman C, Van Calster J, Allegaert K. Educational paper. European Journal of Pediatrics. 2011 Nov 04;171(6):887-893. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-011-1610-7
26. Fierson W, Saunders R, Good W, Palmer E, Phelps D, Reynolds J, Chiang M. Screening Examination of Premature Infants for Retinopathy of Prematurity. PEDIATRICS. 2012 Dec 31;131(1):189-195. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2012-2996
27. Sternberg P, Durrani AK. Evolving Concepts in the Management of Retinopathy of Prematurity. American Journal of Ophthalmology. 2018 02;186:xxiii-xxxii. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajo.2017.10.027
2. Messa AA, Mattos RB, Areco KCN, Sallum JMF. Vision-related quality of life in children with retinopathy of prematurity. Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia. 2015;78(4):224-228. https://doi.org/10.5935/0004-2749.20150058
3. Kliegman R, Stanton B, Geme J, Schor N. Nelson. Tratado de pediatría. 20ed.. Elsevier; 2016 06. Disponible en: https://tienda.elsevierhealth.com/nelson-tratado-de-pediatria-9788491130178.html
4. Camba Longueira F, Perapoch López J, Martín Begué N. Retinopatía de la prematuridad. Protocolos Diagnóstico Terapeúticos de la AEP: Neonatología. 2008. Disponible en: https://www.aeped.es/sites/default/files/documentos/46.pdf
5. Asano MK, Dray PB. Retinopathy of prematurity. Disease-a-Month. 2014 06;60(6):282-291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.disamonth.2014.03.009
6. Hellström A, Smith LE, Dammann O. Retinopathy of prematurity. The Lancet. 2013 Oct;382(9902):1445-1457. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(13)60178-6
7. Arnesen L, Durán P, Silva J, Brumana L. A multi-country, cross-sectional observational study of retinopathy of prematurity in Latin America and the Caribbean. Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2016;39(6):322–29. Disponible en: http://iris.paho.org/xmlui/handle/123456789/28539
8. Gunn DJ, Cartwright DW, Gole GA. Prevalence and outcomes of laser treatment of aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity. Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology. 2014 01 23;42(5):459-465. https://doi.org/10.1111/ceo.12280
9. Hartnett ME. Advances in understanding and management of retinopathy of prematurity. Survey of Ophthalmology. 2017 05;62(3):257-276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.survophthal.2016.12.004
10. Smith LE. Pathogenesis of retinopathy of prematurity. Seminars in Neonatology. 2003 Dec;8(6):469-473. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1084-2756(03)00119-2
11. Cayabyab R, Ramanathan R. Retinopathy of Prematurity: Therapeutic Strategies Based on Pathophysiology. Neonatology. 2016 06 03;109(4):369-376. https://doi.org/10.1159/000444901
12. Gilbert C. Retinopathy of prematurity: A global perspective of the epidemics, population of babies at risk and implications for control. Early Human Development. 2008 02;84(2):77-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2007.11.009
13. Jordan CO. Retinopathy of Prematurity. Pediatric Clinics of North America. 2014 06;61(3):567-577. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcl.2014.03.003
14. Good W, Hardy R, Dobson V, Palmer E, Phelps D, Quintos M, Tung B. The Incidence and Course of Retinopathy of Prematurity: Findings From the Early Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity Study. PEDIATRICS. 2005 07 01;116(1):15-23. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2004-1413
15. Quimson SK. Retinopathy of Prematurity: Pathogenesis and Current Treatment Options. Neonatal Network. 2015;34(5):284-287. https://doi.org/10.1891/0730-0832.34.5.284
16. Isaza G, Donaldson L, Chaudhary V. Increased incidence of retinopathy of prematurity and evolving treatment modalities at a Canadian tertiary centre. Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology. 2018 07;. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjo.2018.05.005
17. Hartnett ME, Lane RH. Effects of oxygen on the development and severity of retinopathy of prematurity. Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. 2013 06;17(3):229-234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaapos.2012.12.155
18. Saugstad OD. Oxygen and retinopathy of prematurity. Journal of Perinatology. 2006 04 25;26(S1):S46-S50. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.jp.7211475
19. Ortega-Molina JM, Anaya-Alaminos R, Uberos-Fernández J, Solans-Pérez de Larraya A, Chaves-Samaniego MJ, Salgado-Miranda A, Piñar-Molina R, Jerez-Calero A, García-Serrano JL. Genetic and Environmental Influences on Retinopathy of Prematurity. Mediators of Inflammation. 2015;2015:1-7. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/764159
20. Dai AI, Demiryürek S, Aksoy SN, Perk P, Saygili O, Güngör K. Maternal Iron Deficiency Anemia as a Risk Factor for the Development of Retinopathy of Prematurity. Pediatric Neurology. 2015 08;53(2):146-150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2015.04.002
21. Zhou J, Shukla VV, John D, Chen C. Human Milk Feeding as a Protective Factor for Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Meta-analysis. PEDIATRICS. 2015 Nov 16;136(6):e1576-e1586. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2015-2372
22. Chawla D, Agarwal R, Deorari A, Paul VK, Chandra P, Azad RV. Retinopathy of Prematurity. The Indian Journal of Pediatrics. 2010 Oct 27;79(4):501-509. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-010-0279-7
23. Stahl A, Göpel W. Screening and Treatment in Retinopathy of Prematurity. Deutsches Aerzteblatt Online. 2015 Oct 23;. https://doi.org/10.3238/arztebl.2015.0730
24. Good WV, Early Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity Cooperative Group. Final results of the Early Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity (ETROP) randomized trial. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc. 2004;102:233-48; discussion 248-50. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1280104/
25. Casteels I, Cassiman C, Van Calster J, Allegaert K. Educational paper. European Journal of Pediatrics. 2011 Nov 04;171(6):887-893. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-011-1610-7
26. Fierson W, Saunders R, Good W, Palmer E, Phelps D, Reynolds J, Chiang M. Screening Examination of Premature Infants for Retinopathy of Prematurity. PEDIATRICS. 2012 Dec 31;131(1):189-195. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2012-2996
27. Sternberg P, Durrani AK. Evolving Concepts in the Management of Retinopathy of Prematurity. American Journal of Ophthalmology. 2018 02;186:xxiii-xxxii. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajo.2017.10.027
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