Cómo citar
1.
Solís Solano M, Pineda Mejía AL, Chacón Madrigal J. Abordaje clínico y manejo de la depresión posparto. Rev.méd.sinerg. [Internet]. 1 de junio de 2019 [citado 21 de noviembre de 2024];4(6):90 - 99. Disponible en: https://revistamedicasinergia.com/index.php/rms/article/view/248
Resumen
El puerperio o posparto, es el periodo que se da inmediatamente posterior al parto hasta las seis semanas generalmente, este tiempo es de suma importancia debido a que se da la transición de los cambios fisiológicos ocurridos durante el embarazo al estado fisiológico previo. Durante este período ocurren varios procesos de adaptación a nivel social, emocional y hormonal en la mujer, que influyen directamente a nivel psicológico. De ahí la importancia de detectar a tiempo los posibles factores de riesgo de una depresión posparto, su pronto diagnóstico, su correcto manejo y tratamiento; para así evitar futuras complicaciones que involucren trastornos mentales en la madre, en el proceso de lactancia, vinculación entre la madre y el producto, así como en el futuro desarrollo del niño.
Palabras clave
puerperio. depresión posparto. psicoterapia. antidepresivos.
Citas
1. Gavin NI, Gaynes BN, Lohr KN, Meltzer-Brody S, Gartlehner G, Swinson T. Perinatal depression: a systematic review of prevalence and incidence. Obstet Gynecol. 2005; 106 (5 Pt 1): 1071-1083. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.AOG.0000183597.31630.db
2. DeCherney, Alan H Diagnostico y tratamiento ginecoobstetricos. 11ed. Mexico: McGraw Hill; 2014. 367-368 p.
3. Epperson CN. Postpartum major depression: detection and treatment. Am Fam Physician. 1999; 59(8): 2247-2254.
4. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 5th ed. 2. Arlington: American Psychiatric Association; 2014. 123-125 p.
5. Logsdon MC, Wisner KL, Pinto-Foltz MD. The impact of peripartum depression on mothering. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs . 2006; 35(5): 652-658. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.2006.00087.x
6. Nock M, Borges G, Bromet E, Cha C, Kessler R, Lee S. Suicide and suicidal behavior. EpidemiolRev. 2008; 30(1): 133-154. https://doi.org/10.1093/epirev/mxn002
7. Friedman S, Hrouda D, Holden C, Noffsinger S, Resnick P. Filicide-suicide: common factors in parents who kill their children and themselves. J Am Acad Psychiatry Law. 2005; 33(4): 496-504.
8. Guille C, Newman R, Fryml LD, Lifton CK, Epperson CN. Management of postpartum depression. J Midwifery Womens Health. 2013; 58(6): 643-653. https://doi.org/10.1111/jmwh.12104
9. Borget D, Grace J, Whitehurst L. A review of maternal and paternal filicide. J Am Acad Psychiatry Law. 2007; 35(1): 74-82
10. Shariatpanaahi MV, Shariatpanaahi ZV, Moshtaaghi M, Shahbaazi SH, Abadi A. The relationship between depression and serum ferritin level. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2007; 61 (4): 532-535. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602542
11. Corwin EJ, Murray-Kolb LE, Beard JL. Low hemoglobin level is a risk factor for postpartum depression. J Nutr. 2003; 133 (12): 4139-4142. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/133.12.4139
12. Bodnar LM, Siega-Riz AM, Miller WC, Cogswell ME, McDonald T. Who should be screened for postpartum anemia? An evaluation of current recommendations. Am J Epidemiol 2002; 156 (10): 903-912. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwf134
13. Murray-Kolb LE, Beard JL. Iron deficiency and child and maternal health. Am J Clin Nutr 2009;89(3) :946S-950S. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.2008.26692D
14. Ludwig H, Strasser K. Symptomatology of anemia. Semin Oncol. 2001; 28(Suppl 8): 7 -14. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0093-7754(01)90206-4
15. Myint AM, Leonard BE, Steinbusch HW, Kim YK. Th1, Th2, and Th3 cytokine alterations in major depression. J Affect Disord. 2005 Oct; 88(2): 167-173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2005.07.008
16. Sines E, Uzma S, Wall S, Worley H. Postnatal care: A critical opportunity to save mothers and newborns [Internet]. Policy Perspectives on Newborn Health-Saving Newborns Lives. Washington: Population reference bureau. 2007 [citado: 15-02-2019]. Disponible en: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/242720964_Postnatal_Care_A_Critical_Opportunity_to_Save_Mothers_and_Newborns
17. Yonkers KA, Vigod S, Ross LE. Diagnosis, pathophysiology, and management of mood disorders in pregnant and postpartum women. Obstet Gynecol. 2011 Apr; 117(4): 961-77. https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0b013e31821187a7
18. Putnam K, Robertson-Blackmore E, Sharkey K, Payne J, Bergink V, Munk-Olsen T, et al. Heterogeneity of postpartum depression: a latent class analysis. Lancet Psychiatry. 2015 Jan; 2(1): 59-67. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(14)00055-8
19. Stein A, Pearson RM, Goodman SH, Rapa E, Rahman A, McCallum M, et al. Effects of perinatal mental disorders on the fetus and child. Lancet. 2014 Nov 15; 384(9956): 1800-1819. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61277-0
20. Larsen ER, Damkier P, Pedersen LH, Fenger-Gron J, Mikkelsen RL, Nielsen RE, et al. Use of psychotropic drugs during pregnancy and breast-feeding. Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl. 2015; 132(S445). https://doi.org/10.1111/acps.12479
21. Lynch D, Laws KR, McKenna PJ. Cognitive behavioural therapy for major psychiatric disorder: does it really work? A meta-analytical review of well-controlled trials. Psychol Med. 2010 Jan; 40(1): 9-24. https://doi.org/10.1017/S003329170900590X
22. Barth J, Munder T, Gerger H, Nüesch E, Trelle S, Znoj H, et al. Comparative efficacy of seven psychotherapeutic interventions for patients with depression: a network meta-analysis. PLoS Med. 2013 ;10(5): e1001454. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001454
23. Miniati M, Callari A, Calugi S, Rucci P, Savino M, Mauri M, et al. Interpersonal psychotherapy for postpartum depression: a systematic review. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2014 Aug; 17(4): 257-268. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-014-0442-7
24. Dennis CL. Psychosocial interventions for the treatment of perinatal depression. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2014 Jan; 28(1): 97-111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2013.08.008
25. Cooper PJ, Murray L, Wilson A, Romaniuk H. Controlled trial of the short- and long-term effect of psychological treatment of post-partum depression. I. Impact on maternal mood. Br J Psychiatry. 2003 May; 182: 412-419. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.182.5.412
26. Scope A, Leaviss J, Kaltenthaler E, Parry G, Sutcliffe P, Bradburn M, et al. Is group cognitive behaviour therapy for postnatal depression evidence-based practice? A systematic review. BMC Psychiatry. 2013 Nov 28;13:321. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244X-13-321
27. O’Hara MW, McCabe JE. Postpartum depression: current status and future directions. Annu Rev Clin Psychol. 2013; 9: 379-407. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-050212-185612
28. Fink M, Taylor MA. The catatonia syndrome: forgotten but not gone. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2009 Nov; 66(11): 1173-1177. https://doi.org/10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2009.141
29. Meltzer-Brody S, Jones I. Optimizing the treatment of mood disorders in the perinatal period. Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2015 Jun;17(2):207-218.
30. Kim DR, Epperson CN, Weiss AR, Wisner KL. Pharmacotherapy of postpartum depression: an update. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2014 Jun; 15(9): 1223-1234. https://doi.org/10.1517/14656566.2014.911842
31. Singh SP, Singh V, Kar N. Efficacy of agomelatine in major depressive disorder: meta-analysis and appraisal. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2012 Apr;15(3):417-428. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1461145711001301
32. Milgrom J, Gemmill AW, Ericksen J, Burrows G, Buist A, Reece J. Treatment of postnatal depression with cognitive behavioural therapy, sertraline and combination therapy: a randomised controlled trial. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2015 Mar; 49(3): 236-245. https://doi.org/10.1177/0004867414565474
2. DeCherney, Alan H Diagnostico y tratamiento ginecoobstetricos. 11ed. Mexico: McGraw Hill; 2014. 367-368 p.
3. Epperson CN. Postpartum major depression: detection and treatment. Am Fam Physician. 1999; 59(8): 2247-2254.
4. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 5th ed. 2. Arlington: American Psychiatric Association; 2014. 123-125 p.
5. Logsdon MC, Wisner KL, Pinto-Foltz MD. The impact of peripartum depression on mothering. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs . 2006; 35(5): 652-658. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.2006.00087.x
6. Nock M, Borges G, Bromet E, Cha C, Kessler R, Lee S. Suicide and suicidal behavior. EpidemiolRev. 2008; 30(1): 133-154. https://doi.org/10.1093/epirev/mxn002
7. Friedman S, Hrouda D, Holden C, Noffsinger S, Resnick P. Filicide-suicide: common factors in parents who kill their children and themselves. J Am Acad Psychiatry Law. 2005; 33(4): 496-504.
8. Guille C, Newman R, Fryml LD, Lifton CK, Epperson CN. Management of postpartum depression. J Midwifery Womens Health. 2013; 58(6): 643-653. https://doi.org/10.1111/jmwh.12104
9. Borget D, Grace J, Whitehurst L. A review of maternal and paternal filicide. J Am Acad Psychiatry Law. 2007; 35(1): 74-82
10. Shariatpanaahi MV, Shariatpanaahi ZV, Moshtaaghi M, Shahbaazi SH, Abadi A. The relationship between depression and serum ferritin level. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2007; 61 (4): 532-535. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602542
11. Corwin EJ, Murray-Kolb LE, Beard JL. Low hemoglobin level is a risk factor for postpartum depression. J Nutr. 2003; 133 (12): 4139-4142. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/133.12.4139
12. Bodnar LM, Siega-Riz AM, Miller WC, Cogswell ME, McDonald T. Who should be screened for postpartum anemia? An evaluation of current recommendations. Am J Epidemiol 2002; 156 (10): 903-912. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwf134
13. Murray-Kolb LE, Beard JL. Iron deficiency and child and maternal health. Am J Clin Nutr 2009;89(3) :946S-950S. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.2008.26692D
14. Ludwig H, Strasser K. Symptomatology of anemia. Semin Oncol. 2001; 28(Suppl 8): 7 -14. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0093-7754(01)90206-4
15. Myint AM, Leonard BE, Steinbusch HW, Kim YK. Th1, Th2, and Th3 cytokine alterations in major depression. J Affect Disord. 2005 Oct; 88(2): 167-173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2005.07.008
16. Sines E, Uzma S, Wall S, Worley H. Postnatal care: A critical opportunity to save mothers and newborns [Internet]. Policy Perspectives on Newborn Health-Saving Newborns Lives. Washington: Population reference bureau. 2007 [citado: 15-02-2019]. Disponible en: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/242720964_Postnatal_Care_A_Critical_Opportunity_to_Save_Mothers_and_Newborns
17. Yonkers KA, Vigod S, Ross LE. Diagnosis, pathophysiology, and management of mood disorders in pregnant and postpartum women. Obstet Gynecol. 2011 Apr; 117(4): 961-77. https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0b013e31821187a7
18. Putnam K, Robertson-Blackmore E, Sharkey K, Payne J, Bergink V, Munk-Olsen T, et al. Heterogeneity of postpartum depression: a latent class analysis. Lancet Psychiatry. 2015 Jan; 2(1): 59-67. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(14)00055-8
19. Stein A, Pearson RM, Goodman SH, Rapa E, Rahman A, McCallum M, et al. Effects of perinatal mental disorders on the fetus and child. Lancet. 2014 Nov 15; 384(9956): 1800-1819. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61277-0
20. Larsen ER, Damkier P, Pedersen LH, Fenger-Gron J, Mikkelsen RL, Nielsen RE, et al. Use of psychotropic drugs during pregnancy and breast-feeding. Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl. 2015; 132(S445). https://doi.org/10.1111/acps.12479
21. Lynch D, Laws KR, McKenna PJ. Cognitive behavioural therapy for major psychiatric disorder: does it really work? A meta-analytical review of well-controlled trials. Psychol Med. 2010 Jan; 40(1): 9-24. https://doi.org/10.1017/S003329170900590X
22. Barth J, Munder T, Gerger H, Nüesch E, Trelle S, Znoj H, et al. Comparative efficacy of seven psychotherapeutic interventions for patients with depression: a network meta-analysis. PLoS Med. 2013 ;10(5): e1001454. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001454
23. Miniati M, Callari A, Calugi S, Rucci P, Savino M, Mauri M, et al. Interpersonal psychotherapy for postpartum depression: a systematic review. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2014 Aug; 17(4): 257-268. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-014-0442-7
24. Dennis CL. Psychosocial interventions for the treatment of perinatal depression. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2014 Jan; 28(1): 97-111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2013.08.008
25. Cooper PJ, Murray L, Wilson A, Romaniuk H. Controlled trial of the short- and long-term effect of psychological treatment of post-partum depression. I. Impact on maternal mood. Br J Psychiatry. 2003 May; 182: 412-419. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.182.5.412
26. Scope A, Leaviss J, Kaltenthaler E, Parry G, Sutcliffe P, Bradburn M, et al. Is group cognitive behaviour therapy for postnatal depression evidence-based practice? A systematic review. BMC Psychiatry. 2013 Nov 28;13:321. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244X-13-321
27. O’Hara MW, McCabe JE. Postpartum depression: current status and future directions. Annu Rev Clin Psychol. 2013; 9: 379-407. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-050212-185612
28. Fink M, Taylor MA. The catatonia syndrome: forgotten but not gone. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2009 Nov; 66(11): 1173-1177. https://doi.org/10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2009.141
29. Meltzer-Brody S, Jones I. Optimizing the treatment of mood disorders in the perinatal period. Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2015 Jun;17(2):207-218.
30. Kim DR, Epperson CN, Weiss AR, Wisner KL. Pharmacotherapy of postpartum depression: an update. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2014 Jun; 15(9): 1223-1234. https://doi.org/10.1517/14656566.2014.911842
31. Singh SP, Singh V, Kar N. Efficacy of agomelatine in major depressive disorder: meta-analysis and appraisal. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2012 Apr;15(3):417-428. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1461145711001301
32. Milgrom J, Gemmill AW, Ericksen J, Burrows G, Buist A, Reece J. Treatment of postnatal depression with cognitive behavioural therapy, sertraline and combination therapy: a randomised controlled trial. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2015 Mar; 49(3): 236-245. https://doi.org/10.1177/0004867414565474
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