Cómo citar
1.
Coto Chaves C, Jiménez Víquez M, Naranjo Alfaro S. Cáncer de mama en mujeres pre y perimenopáusicas. Rev.méd.sinerg. [Internet]. 1 de mayo de 2019 [citado 18 de abril de 2024];4(5):60 - 76. Disponible en: https://revistamedicasinergia.com/index.php/rms/article/view/224
Resumen
El cáncer de mama es una patología que, aunque tiene mayor incidencia en mujeres mayores, se ha visto en incremento en féminas pre y perimenopáusicas. Siendo el cáncer de mayor diagnóstico y muerte en mujeres. Su etiología no es completamente conocida, no obstante en este artículo revisamos los factores de riesgo más importantes, así como la importancia del examen físico, imágenes complementarias y biopsia para la detección y diagnóstico. También los diferentes tratamientos que se individualizan de acuerdo al paciente.
Palabras clave
neoplasias de mama. detección precoz del cáncer. mamografía. ganglio linfático centinela. inmunohistoquímica. tamoxifeno.
Citas
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2. Ruiz S,Villanueva A. Evolución del cáncer de mama a través de la historia. Gaceta Médica de Bilbao. 2000; 97(2): 35-36. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4858(00)74324-1
3. Esserman L, Joe B. Clinical features, diagnosis, and staging of newly diagnosed breast cancer [Internet]. Waltham (MA): UpToDate Inc; 2019 [ cited 2019 March 09]. Available from: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/clinical-features-diagnosis-and-staging-of-newly-diagnosed-breast-cancer?search=clinical%20features%20breast%20cancer&source=search_result
&selectedTitle=1~150&usage_type=default&display_rank=1
4. Esserman L, Joe B. Diagnostic evaluation of women with suspected breast cancer [Internet]. Waltham (MA): UpToDate Inc; 2019 [cited 2019 March 06]. Available from: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/diagnostic-evaluation-of-women-with-suspected-breast-cancer?source=mostViewed_widget
5. Aguiar G, Sánchez C. Cáncer de mama en mujeres jóvenes ¿por qué está aumentando? [Internet]. Michoacán (CDMX): Fundación Cimab; 2017 [cited 2019 March 06]. Available from: http://www.cimab.org/articulos-de-interes/cancer-de-mama-en-mujeres-jovenes-por-que-esta-aumentando
6. Troyan S, MD. Breast cancer in women. DynaMed [Internet]. Massachusetts: EBSCO Industries; 2018 [cited 2019 March 19]. Available from: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=dme&AN=113654&site=dynamed-live&scope=site
7. Troyan S, MD. Early and locally advanced noninflammatory breast cancer [Internet]. Massachusetts:EBSCO Industries; 2018 [cited 2019 March 19]. Available from: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=dme&AN=921332&site=dynamed-live&scope=site
8. Fauci AS, Hauser SL, Jameson J, Kasper DL, , Longo DL, Loscalzo J. Cáncer de mama-Harrison Principios de Medicina Interna [Internet]. New York (NY):McGraw-Hill Global Education Holdings LLC; 2018 [Recuperado el 15 de marzo de 2019]. Disponible en: https://accessmedicina.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?sectionid=203644540&bookid=2461&Resultclick=2#1161977997
9. Vich P, Brusint B, Álvarez-Hernández C, Cuadrado-Rouco C, Diaz-García N, Redondo-Margüello E. Actualización del cáncer de mama en Atención Primaria (I/V). SEMERGEN - Medicina de Familia. 2014 09 ;40(6): 326-333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semerg.2014.02.012
10. Vial MT, Ibarra Á. Anatomía patológica y tumores hereditarios. Revista Médica Clínica Las Condes. 2017 07; 28(4): 591-597. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmclc.2017.07.002
11. Bland K, Hunt KK, Robertson JR, I. (2015). Mama - Schwartz principios de cirugía [Internet]. New York (NY):McGraw-Hill Global Education Holdings LLC; 2015 [Recuperado el 25 de marzo de 2019]. Disponible en: https://accessmedicina.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=1513§ionid=98625451&jumpsectionid=98625572#1119716502
12. Bradshaw KD, Corton MM, Halvorson LM, Hoffman BL, Schorge JO, Schaffer JI. Enfermedad mamaria - Williams Ginecología [Internet]. New York (NY): McGraw-Hill Global Education Holdings LLC; 2017 [Recuperado el 20 de marzo de 2019]. Disponible en: https://accessmedicina.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=2162§ionid=165576510&jumpsectionid=165576620#1144481688
13. Esserman L, Joe B. Clinical features, diagnosis, and staging of newly diagnosed breast cancer [Internet]. Waltham (MA): UpToDate Inc; 2019 [cited 2019 March 09]. Available from: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/clinical-features-diagnosis-and-staging-of-newly-diagnosed-breast-cancer?search=clinical%20features%20breast%20cancer&source=search_result
&selectedTitle=1~150&usage_type=default&display_rank=1
14. Collins L, Laronga C, Wong J. Breast ductal carcinoma in situ: Epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and diagnosis [Internet]. Waltham (MA): UpToDate Inc; 2019 [cited 2019 March 11]. Available from: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/breast-ductal-carcinoma-in-situ-epidemiology-clinical-manifestations-and-diagnosis?search=BREAST%20DUCTAL&source=search_result&selectedTitle=3~76
&usage_type=default&display_rank=3
15. Slanetz P, Venkataraman S. Breast imaging for cancer screening: Mammography and ultrasonography [Internet]. Waltham (MA): UpToDate Inc; 2019 [cited 2019 March 06]. Available from: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/breast-imaging-for-cancer-screening-mammography-and-ultrasonography?source=autocomplete&index=3~4&search=BREAST%20IMA
16. Elmore J. Screening for breast cancer: Strategies and recommendations [Internet]. Waltham (MA): UpToDate Inc; 2019 [cited 2019 March 09]. Available from: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/screening-for-breast-cancer-strategies-and-recommendations?
search=screening%20breast%20cancer&source=search_result&selected
Title=1~106&usage_type=default&display_rank=1
17. Elmore J. Screening for breast cancer: Evidence for effectiveness and harms [Internet]. Waltham (MA): UpToDate Inc; 2019 [cited 2019 March 08]. Available from: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/screening-for-breast-cancer-evidence-for-effectiveness-and-harms?source=mostViewed_widget
18. Slanetz P. MRI of the breast and emerging technologies [Internet]. Waltham (MA): UpToDate Inc; 2019 [cited 2019 March 09]. Available from: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/mri-of-the-breast-and-emerging-technologies?source=mostViewed_widget
19. Sabel M. Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of a palpable breast mass [Internet]. Waltham (MA): UpToDate Inc; 2019 [cited 2019 March 08]. Available from: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/clinical-manifestations-and-diagnosis-of-a-palpable-breast-mass?
search=clinical%20manifestations%20and%20diagnosis%20breast
%20mass&source=search_result&selectedTitle=1~133&usage_type=default&display_rank=1
20. Sickles E, D’Orsi C, Bassett L, et al. ACR BI-RADS® Mammography [Internet]. Reston (VA): American College of Radiology; 2013 [cited 2019 March 09]. Available from: https://www.acr.org/Clinical-Resources/Reporting-and-Data-Systems/Bi-Rads
21.Harlow S, Weaner D. Overview of Sentinel Lymph Node biopsy in breast cancer. [Internet]. Waltham (MA): UpToDate Inc; 2019 [cited 2018 March 05]. Available from: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/overview-of-sentinel-lymph-node-biopsy-in-breast-cancer?search=Overview%20of%20sentinel%20lymph%20node%20biopsy%
20in%20breast%20cancer&source=search_result&selectedTitle=1~150&usage_type=default&display_rank=1
22. Hammond M. Hormone Receptors in breast cancer: Clinical utility and guideline recommendations to improve test accuracy [Internet]. Waltham (MA): UpToDate Inc; 2019 [cited 2018 March 05]. Available from: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/hormone-receptors-in-breast-cancer-clinical-utility-and-guideline-recommendations-to-improve-test-accuracy
23. Palacios Calvo J, Albanell J, Rojo F, Ciruelos E, Aranda-López I, Cortés J, García-Caballero T, Martín M, López-García MÁ, Colomer R. Consenso de la Sociedad Española de Anatomía Patológica y la Sociedad Española de Oncología Médica sobre biomarcadores en cáncer de mama. Revista Española de Patología. 2018 04; 51(2): 97-109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patol.2017.12.002
24. Penault-Llorca F, Radosevic-Robin N. Ki67 assessment in breast cancer: an update. Pathology. 2017 02;49(2):166-171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pathol.2016.11.006
25. Merino Bonilla J, Torres Tabanera M, Ros Mendoza L. El cáncer de mama en el siglo XXI: de la detección precoz a los nuevos tratamientos. Radiología. 2017 09; 59(5): 368-379. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rx.2017.06.003
26. Díaz D, Dulin R, Gómez Á, Medina F, Miranda A, Navarro Y, Salinas C, Sánchez V, Sierra J. Cáncer de mama - Manual de Oncología [Internet]. New York (NY): McGraw-Hill Global Education Holdings LLC; 2017 [Recuperado el 22 de marzo de 2019]. Disponible en: https://accessmedicina.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?sectionid=180364437&bookid=2306&Resultclick=2#1150226695
2. Ruiz S,Villanueva A. Evolución del cáncer de mama a través de la historia. Gaceta Médica de Bilbao. 2000; 97(2): 35-36. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4858(00)74324-1
3. Esserman L, Joe B. Clinical features, diagnosis, and staging of newly diagnosed breast cancer [Internet]. Waltham (MA): UpToDate Inc; 2019 [ cited 2019 March 09]. Available from: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/clinical-features-diagnosis-and-staging-of-newly-diagnosed-breast-cancer?search=clinical%20features%20breast%20cancer&source=search_result
&selectedTitle=1~150&usage_type=default&display_rank=1
4. Esserman L, Joe B. Diagnostic evaluation of women with suspected breast cancer [Internet]. Waltham (MA): UpToDate Inc; 2019 [cited 2019 March 06]. Available from: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/diagnostic-evaluation-of-women-with-suspected-breast-cancer?source=mostViewed_widget
5. Aguiar G, Sánchez C. Cáncer de mama en mujeres jóvenes ¿por qué está aumentando? [Internet]. Michoacán (CDMX): Fundación Cimab; 2017 [cited 2019 March 06]. Available from: http://www.cimab.org/articulos-de-interes/cancer-de-mama-en-mujeres-jovenes-por-que-esta-aumentando
6. Troyan S, MD. Breast cancer in women. DynaMed [Internet]. Massachusetts: EBSCO Industries; 2018 [cited 2019 March 19]. Available from: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=dme&AN=113654&site=dynamed-live&scope=site
7. Troyan S, MD. Early and locally advanced noninflammatory breast cancer [Internet]. Massachusetts:EBSCO Industries; 2018 [cited 2019 March 19]. Available from: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=dme&AN=921332&site=dynamed-live&scope=site
8. Fauci AS, Hauser SL, Jameson J, Kasper DL, , Longo DL, Loscalzo J. Cáncer de mama-Harrison Principios de Medicina Interna [Internet]. New York (NY):McGraw-Hill Global Education Holdings LLC; 2018 [Recuperado el 15 de marzo de 2019]. Disponible en: https://accessmedicina.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?sectionid=203644540&bookid=2461&Resultclick=2#1161977997
9. Vich P, Brusint B, Álvarez-Hernández C, Cuadrado-Rouco C, Diaz-García N, Redondo-Margüello E. Actualización del cáncer de mama en Atención Primaria (I/V). SEMERGEN - Medicina de Familia. 2014 09 ;40(6): 326-333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semerg.2014.02.012
10. Vial MT, Ibarra Á. Anatomía patológica y tumores hereditarios. Revista Médica Clínica Las Condes. 2017 07; 28(4): 591-597. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmclc.2017.07.002
11. Bland K, Hunt KK, Robertson JR, I. (2015). Mama - Schwartz principios de cirugía [Internet]. New York (NY):McGraw-Hill Global Education Holdings LLC; 2015 [Recuperado el 25 de marzo de 2019]. Disponible en: https://accessmedicina.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=1513§ionid=98625451&jumpsectionid=98625572#1119716502
12. Bradshaw KD, Corton MM, Halvorson LM, Hoffman BL, Schorge JO, Schaffer JI. Enfermedad mamaria - Williams Ginecología [Internet]. New York (NY): McGraw-Hill Global Education Holdings LLC; 2017 [Recuperado el 20 de marzo de 2019]. Disponible en: https://accessmedicina.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=2162§ionid=165576510&jumpsectionid=165576620#1144481688
13. Esserman L, Joe B. Clinical features, diagnosis, and staging of newly diagnosed breast cancer [Internet]. Waltham (MA): UpToDate Inc; 2019 [cited 2019 March 09]. Available from: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/clinical-features-diagnosis-and-staging-of-newly-diagnosed-breast-cancer?search=clinical%20features%20breast%20cancer&source=search_result
&selectedTitle=1~150&usage_type=default&display_rank=1
14. Collins L, Laronga C, Wong J. Breast ductal carcinoma in situ: Epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and diagnosis [Internet]. Waltham (MA): UpToDate Inc; 2019 [cited 2019 March 11]. Available from: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/breast-ductal-carcinoma-in-situ-epidemiology-clinical-manifestations-and-diagnosis?search=BREAST%20DUCTAL&source=search_result&selectedTitle=3~76
&usage_type=default&display_rank=3
15. Slanetz P, Venkataraman S. Breast imaging for cancer screening: Mammography and ultrasonography [Internet]. Waltham (MA): UpToDate Inc; 2019 [cited 2019 March 06]. Available from: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/breast-imaging-for-cancer-screening-mammography-and-ultrasonography?source=autocomplete&index=3~4&search=BREAST%20IMA
16. Elmore J. Screening for breast cancer: Strategies and recommendations [Internet]. Waltham (MA): UpToDate Inc; 2019 [cited 2019 March 09]. Available from: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/screening-for-breast-cancer-strategies-and-recommendations?
search=screening%20breast%20cancer&source=search_result&selected
Title=1~106&usage_type=default&display_rank=1
17. Elmore J. Screening for breast cancer: Evidence for effectiveness and harms [Internet]. Waltham (MA): UpToDate Inc; 2019 [cited 2019 March 08]. Available from: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/screening-for-breast-cancer-evidence-for-effectiveness-and-harms?source=mostViewed_widget
18. Slanetz P. MRI of the breast and emerging technologies [Internet]. Waltham (MA): UpToDate Inc; 2019 [cited 2019 March 09]. Available from: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/mri-of-the-breast-and-emerging-technologies?source=mostViewed_widget
19. Sabel M. Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of a palpable breast mass [Internet]. Waltham (MA): UpToDate Inc; 2019 [cited 2019 March 08]. Available from: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/clinical-manifestations-and-diagnosis-of-a-palpable-breast-mass?
search=clinical%20manifestations%20and%20diagnosis%20breast
%20mass&source=search_result&selectedTitle=1~133&usage_type=default&display_rank=1
20. Sickles E, D’Orsi C, Bassett L, et al. ACR BI-RADS® Mammography [Internet]. Reston (VA): American College of Radiology; 2013 [cited 2019 March 09]. Available from: https://www.acr.org/Clinical-Resources/Reporting-and-Data-Systems/Bi-Rads
21.Harlow S, Weaner D. Overview of Sentinel Lymph Node biopsy in breast cancer. [Internet]. Waltham (MA): UpToDate Inc; 2019 [cited 2018 March 05]. Available from: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/overview-of-sentinel-lymph-node-biopsy-in-breast-cancer?search=Overview%20of%20sentinel%20lymph%20node%20biopsy%
20in%20breast%20cancer&source=search_result&selectedTitle=1~150&usage_type=default&display_rank=1
22. Hammond M. Hormone Receptors in breast cancer: Clinical utility and guideline recommendations to improve test accuracy [Internet]. Waltham (MA): UpToDate Inc; 2019 [cited 2018 March 05]. Available from: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/hormone-receptors-in-breast-cancer-clinical-utility-and-guideline-recommendations-to-improve-test-accuracy
23. Palacios Calvo J, Albanell J, Rojo F, Ciruelos E, Aranda-López I, Cortés J, García-Caballero T, Martín M, López-García MÁ, Colomer R. Consenso de la Sociedad Española de Anatomía Patológica y la Sociedad Española de Oncología Médica sobre biomarcadores en cáncer de mama. Revista Española de Patología. 2018 04; 51(2): 97-109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patol.2017.12.002
24. Penault-Llorca F, Radosevic-Robin N. Ki67 assessment in breast cancer: an update. Pathology. 2017 02;49(2):166-171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pathol.2016.11.006
25. Merino Bonilla J, Torres Tabanera M, Ros Mendoza L. El cáncer de mama en el siglo XXI: de la detección precoz a los nuevos tratamientos. Radiología. 2017 09; 59(5): 368-379. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rx.2017.06.003
26. Díaz D, Dulin R, Gómez Á, Medina F, Miranda A, Navarro Y, Salinas C, Sánchez V, Sierra J. Cáncer de mama - Manual de Oncología [Internet]. New York (NY): McGraw-Hill Global Education Holdings LLC; 2017 [Recuperado el 22 de marzo de 2019]. Disponible en: https://accessmedicina.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?sectionid=180364437&bookid=2306&Resultclick=2#1150226695
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